Tài liệu Python 3 Web Development Beginner''''''''s Guide ppt

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About the Author
Michel Anders, aer his chemistry and physics studies where he spent more me on
computer simulaons than on real world experiments, the author found his real interests
lay with IT and Internet technology, and worked as an IT manager for several dierent
companies, including an Internet provider, a hospital, and a soware development company.
Aer his inial exposure to Python as the built-in scripng language of Blender, the popular
3D modeling and rendering suite, the language became his tool of choice for many projects.
He lives happily in a small converted farm, with his partner, three cats, and twelve goats.
This tranquil environment proved to be ideally suited to wring his rst book, Blender 2.49
Scripng (Packt Publishing, 978-1-849510-40-0).
He loves to help people with Blender and Python-related quesons and may be contacted as
'varkenvarken' at
http://www.blenderartists.org/ and maintains a blog on Python-
specic subjects at http://michelanders.blogspot.com/.
For Clemenne, always.
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About the Reviewers
Michael Driscoll has been programming Python since the Spring of 2006 and has
dabbled in other languages since the late ninees. He graduated from the University with
a Bachelors of Science degree, majoring in Management Informaon Systems. Michael
enjoys programming for fun and prot. His hobbies include Biblical apologecs, blogging
about Python at http://www.blog.pythonlibrary.org/, and learning photography.
Michael currently works for the local government, where he does programming with Python
as much as possible. Michael was also a Technical Reviewer for Python 3: Object Oriented
Programming by Dusty Phillips and Python Graphics Cookbook by Mike Ohlson de Fine (both
by Packt Publishing).
I would like to thank my friends and family for their support and the fun
mes they share with me. Most of all, I want to thank Jesus for saving me
from myself.
Róman Joost discovered open source soware in 1997. He is the project manager for
user documentaon for GNU Image Manipulaon Program (GIMP). Róman also helped with
German internaonalizaon of GIMP. He has been contribung to GIMP and Zope open
source projects for eight years.
Róman has a Diplom-Informaker (FH) from the University of Applied Sciences in Koethen
(Anhalt). He has worked for Zope companies—Gocept GmbH & Co in Germany, Infrae in
The Netherlands, and is currently working for a Zope company in Brisbane, Australia. For
relaxaon, he enjoys photography and digital painng with GIMP.
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Tomi Juhola is a soware development professional from Finland. He has a wide range of
development experience from embedded systems to modern distributed enterprise systems
in various roles such as tester, developer, consultant, and trainer.
Currently, he works in a nancial company and shares this me between development lead
dues and helping other projects to adopt Scrum and Agile methodologies. He likes to spend
his free me with new interesng development languages and frameworks.
He has reviewed conference proposals, a Python development book, and has also published
his own Master's theses on Agile embedded development.
Andrew Nicholson is a computer engineer with over fourteen years of professional
experience in a broad range of compung technologies. He is currently a Technical Director
with Innite Recursion Pty Ltd.—a bespoke soware engineering company located in Sydney,
Australia. He is a passionate advocate and a parcipant in the free, libre, and open source
soware (FLOSS) community and has acvely parcipated since 1999 contribung code,
ideas, and energy in this engineering community. He was a Technical Reviewer for the book
Python Tesng: Beginner's Guide (2010), Packt Publishing.
Nicholson has a B.Eng (Computer) [Honours 1] from Newcastle University, Australia and a
M.Eng (Wireless) with Merit from Sydney University, Australia.
Nicholson's biography can be read at
http://www.infiniterecursion.com.au/
people/
.
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Table of Contents
Preface 1
Chapter 1: Choosing Your Tools 7
Idenfying the components of a web applicaon 7
Time for acon – geng an overview of a web applicaon 8
Choosing suitable tools 10
Time for acon – choosing a delivery framework, also known as web server 11
Time for acon – choosing a server-side scripng language 12
Time for acon – choosing a database engine 14
Time for acon – deciding on object relaonal mappers 15
Time for acon – choosing a presentaon framework 17
Designing for maintainability and usability 18
Tesng 18
Time for acon – choosing a test framework 19
Version management 19
Usability 20
Good looking – adhering to common GUI paradigms 20
Themable 21
Cross-browser compable 21
Cross-plaorm compable 22
Maintainability 22
Standards compliant 22
Security 23
Reliable 23
Robust 23
Access control and authencaon 24
Condenality 24
Integrity 25
A nal word on security 25
Help, I am confused! 25
Time for acon – maintaining overview 26
Summary 28
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Table of Contents
[ ii ]
Chapter 2: Creang a Simple Spreadsheet 29
Python 3 30
Time for acon – installing Python 3 CherryPy 30
Time for acon – installing CherryPy 31
Installing jQuery and jQuery UI 31
Serving an applicaon 32
Time for acon – serving a dummy applicaon 33
Time for acon – serving HTML as dynamic content 34
Who serves what: an overview 36
HTML: separang form and content 37
Time for acon – a unit convertor 38
HTML: form-based interacon 39
JavaScript: using jQuery UI widgets 40
Time for acon – conversion using unitconverter.js 40
jQuery selectors 42
CSS: applying a jQuery UI theme to other elements 43
Time for acon – converng a unit convertor into a plugin 45
JavaScript: creang a jQuery UI plugin 46
Designing a spreadsheet applicaon 51
Time for acon – serving a spreadsheet applicaon 51
HTML: keeping it simple 52
JavaScript: creang a spreadsheet plugin 52
The missing parts 58
Summary 58
Chapter 3: Tasklist I: Persistence 59
Designing a tasklist applicaon 59
Time for acon – creang a logon screen 62
Serving a logon screen 69
Seng up a session 70
Expiring a session 71
Designing a task list 72
Time for acon – running tasklist.py 72
Python: the task module 75
Time for acon – implemenng the task module 76
Adding new tasks 80
Deleng a task 81
JavaScript: tasklist.js 83
Time for acon – styling the buons 83
JavaScript: toolp.js 85
Time for acon – implemenng inline labels 86
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Table of Contents
[ iii ]
CSS: tasklist.css 87
Summary 90
Chapter 4: Tasklist II: Databases and AJAX 91
The advantages of a database compared to a lesystem 92
Choosing a database engine 92
Database-driven authencaon 93
Time for acon – authencaon using a database 94
Tasklist II – storing tasks in a database 99
Improving interacvity with AJAX 99
Time for acon – geng the me with AJAX 100
Redesigning the Tasklist applicaon 102
Database design 103
Time for acon – creang the task database 103
Time for acon – retrieving informaon with select statements 105
TaskDB – interfacing with the database 106
Time for acon – connecng to the database 106
Time for acon – storing and retrieving informaon 107
Time for acon – updang and deleng informaon 109
Tesng 111
Time for acon – tesng factorial.py 112
Now what have we gained? 113
Time for acon – wring unit tests for tasklistdb.py 114
Designing for AJAX 116
Click handlers 120
The applicaon 121
Time for acon – pung it all together 123
Have a go hero – refreshing the itemlist on a regular basis 125
Summary 126
Chapter 5: Enes and Relaons 127
Designing a book database 127
The Enty class 128
Time for acon – using the Enty class 129
Time for acon – creang instances 132
The Relaon class 138
Time for acon – using the Relaon class 138
Relaon instances 141
Time for acon – dening the Books database 144
The delivery layer 150
Time for acon – designing the delivery layer 151
Time for acon – adding a new book 162
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Table of Contents
[ iv ]
Auto compleon 165
Time for acon – using input elds with auto compleon 166
The presentaon layer 168
Time for acon – using an enhanced presentaon layer 168
Summary 170
Chapter 6: Building a Wiki 171
The data layer 172
Time for acon – designing the wiki data model 172
The delivery layer 175
Time for acon – implemenng the opening screen 176
The structural components 177
The applicaon methods 179
Time for acon – implemenng a wiki topic screen 180
Time for acon – eding wiki topics 182
Addional funconality 185
Time for acon – selecng an image 185
Time for acon – implemenng a tag cloud 190
Time for acon – searching for words 192
The importance of input validaon 195
Time for acon – scrubbing your content 196
Time for acon – rendering content 200
Summary 201
Chapter 7: Refactoring Code for Reuse 203
Time for acon – taking a crical look 203
Refactoring 205
Time for acon – dening new enes: how it should look 205
Metaclasses 206
Time for acon – using metaclasses 207
MetaEnty and AbstractEnty classes 208
Time for acon – implemenng the MetaEnty and AbstractEnty classes 209
Relaons 217
Time for acon – dening new relaons: how it should look 217
Implemenng the MetaRelaon and AbstractRelaon classes 219
Adding new methods to exisng classes 222
Browsing lists of enes 224
Time for acon – using a table-based Enty browser 224
Time for acon – examining the HTML markup 229
Caching 232
The books applicaon revisited 236
Time for acon – creang a books applicaon, take two 236
Summary 242
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Table of Contents
[ v ]
Chapter 8: Managing Customer Relaons 243
A crical review 243
Designing a Customer Relaonship Management applicaon 244
Time for acon – implemenng a basic CRM 244
Adding and eding values 248
Time for acon – adding an instance 249
Time for acon – eding an instance 251
Adding relaons 257
Picklists 259
Time for acon – implemenng picklists 259
Summary 262
Chapter 9: Creang Full-Fledged Webapps: Implemenng Instances 263
Even more relaons 263
Time for acon – showing one-to-many relaonships 264
Time for acon – adapng MetaRelaon 266
Time for acon – enhancing Display 270
Time for acon – enhancing Browse 271
Access control 274
Time for acon – implemenng access control 275
Role-based access control 278
Time for acon – implemenng role-based access control 279
Summary 283
Chapter 10: Customizing the CRM Applicaon 285
Time for acon – sorng 285
Time for acon – ltering 290
Customizaon 292
Time for acon – customizing enty displays 292
Time for acon – customizing enty lists 298
Time for acon – adding a delete buon 301
Summary 302
Appendix A: References to Resources 303
Good old oine reference books 303
Addional websites, wikis, and blogs 304
Appendix B: Pop Quiz Answers 307
Chapter 2, Creang a Simple Spreadsheet 307
Chapter 3, Tasklist I: Persistence 308
Chapter 4, Tasklist II: Databases and AJAX 309
Chapter 5, Enes and Relaons 310
Chapter 6, Building a Wiki 310
Index 311
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